DISTRIBUTION BOARD

 A distribution board (also known as panelboard, breaker panel, or electric panel) is a component of an electricity supply system that divides an electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits while providing a protective fuse or circuit breaker for each circuit in a common enclosure.

A distribution board is the main electrical supply system for any commercial or residential entity. The main cable comes into the distribution board and then via breakers get distributed in the secondary circuits such as lights and plugs. For optimal performance of every device, it is necessary to maintain a proper power distribution and is crucial for home and appliance safety. Distribution boards are duly fitted with BS bars, DIN rail, and neutral links.

Distribution boards are not just a mere enclosure but an overall system in itself having neutral links, earth leakage unit, and interconnecting wires for the sole purpose of proper electrical distribution in your house. The standard distribution these days are made in accordance not just with the technical requirements but also as per home décor so that it can blend easily. Majorly, a distribution board comes in two categories:

1. Single Door Distribution Board: For simplistic applications, a single door distribution board is used which is available in 4-way, 8-way, 16-way configurations.

2. Double Door Distribution Board: For more heavy-duty operations and an increased number of applications and connections, a double door distribution board is used. They are majorly used for commercial use.

Distribution boards that are available these days must acquire these three major traits :

Safety 

One crucial part of every distribution board is the fuse. Fuse is an important component of a distribution board as it doesn’t allow overcurrent to pass through your circuitry. In the case of overcurrent, the fuse automatically shuts down the major supply preventing your appliances and any sort of electrical danger at your home or at your office.

1. The unoccupied opening/s of distribution boards must be covered with a blanking plate.

2. A distribution board must not be installed anywhere where there is a frequent tendency of getting in contact with water.

3. Distribution boards should not be installed anywhere around a fixed cooking appliance.

4. Distribution boards must be protected from corrosion.

5. A distribution board, when installed, should be in accordance with the environment in which it operates.

6. It is advisable not to install a distribution board 2200mm above the floor.

7. The distribution board should be installed only by an expert professional.

8. The wires in the distribution board must not hang outside the board.

9. Distribution boards, you’re using must be according to your need and must not exceed the number of connections over the limited configuration of the board.

10. There should be a safety sign near a distribution board if possible.

In terms of safety, a distribution board is the prime source of power supply at your home and should be switched off immediately in terms of electric fluctuations or any other electrical hazard. They must be regularly inspected by electrical experts to ensure hassle-free power supply and safety.

DISTRIBUTION BOARD WIRING CONNECTION

EFFR

Advance - EFFR wire has enhanced flexibility* & higher bending capacity (15% to 20% more bending radius than other wires) comes with unique world's first germ-free (Tested as per JIS Z 2801 & ASTM 2149 standard) antimicrobial feature. This high-value functional property acts as an active ingredient for biocides that prevents the antimicrobial surface effects providing additional protection, restricting the growth of bacteria, and thereby supporting an extended product and human life.

Unique features of Advance - EFFR building wire:

World's first Advanced FR insulated wire with extra flexibility having a germ-free feature.

India's only 30% rated wire (LOI).

101% conductivity.

100% bunching.

100% electrolytic grade copper with 60% extra annealing.

*Class V conductors

MODULAR BOX

 

INSULATION TAPE

 

Available in six standard fade-resistant colors -

Standard - 7mtr reel tape 

• • • • •

 Salient Features:

 1. Thickness : 0.125 ± 0.025mm

2. Width : 18 ± 1 mm

3. Tensile strength: 150 N/10mm widths per mm thickness [min]

4. Adhesion to steel: 1.6 N/10mm width [min]

5. Adhesion to backing: 1.3 N/10mm width [min]

6. Electric strength at room temp. : 40 KV/mm thickness [min]

7. Electric strength after Humid condition: 35 KV/mm thickness [min]

8. Flammability: Self-extinguishing

9. Electrolytic corrosion: Within permissible degree of Corrosion as specified in IS: 8516

10. Insulation Resistance: 1 X 105 MOhms/25 mm width [min]

11. Stability to accelerating Aging: No change in adhesive property and adhesion values

Usage

• Primary electrical insulation

• Wire & Cable Harnessing

• Protection for low and medium voltage cable splices

• Typically engineered for the professional requirements of telecom and electricity boards

• Submersible pump wiring.

 • PVC tapes manufactured as per new technology with the automatic adhesive coating control system

• Online thickness gauge with automatic adhesive coating controller provides a uniform coating of adhesive over the film

• The PVC film is softer, stretchable, easy to wind and unwinding over a joint

• More Flexible makes it easy for cutting

• Provide a firm grip over the joint

• Flame retardant [FR]

• Better adhesion to backing properties

• Better gumming even under adverse climatic condition ensure long-lasting insulation

• Better anchorage

• Excellent aging properties ensuring no drop in adhesion values over the period.

• No Oozing or telescoping

• Non-migratory adhesive - Not transferred from one face to another

• No wrinkles

• Excellent mechanical support at High Temperatures [up to 90° C

• More  Electric  strength Room  temperature  -  50 KV/mm thickness

• 10 times more High insulation resistance [HIR] than the standard

• Moisture & corrosion resistant

 

Application Guidelines

• The tape should be applied on a clean and dry surface

• Apply the tape with moderate tension to ensure an optimum bonding and a minimum of two layers with an overlap of 50%

• Usage as per electrical standards

Shelf Life & Storage

Anchor tapes have a 12-months shelf life from the date of manufacture when stored in a humidity-controlled storage area with good air ventilation [27 ± 2°C with 50 - 60 % humidity is preferable].

SWITCHES

 

INDUSTRIAL SWITCHES

ISOLATOR

isolator in Electrical Engineering. An isolator is a mechanical switching device that, in the open position, allows for isolation of the input and output of a device.

An isolator is a device used for isolating a circuit or equipment from a source of power. An isolator is a mechanical switching device that, in the open position, allows for isolation of the input and output of a device.

 

SINGLE POLE ( SP ) ISOLATOR

DOUBLE POLE ( DP ) ISOLATOR

THREE POLE ( TP ) ISOLATOR

FOUR POLE ( FP ) ISOLATOR

Technical Data for selection of Isolator

No. of Poles

Rated Current (In)A

Rated Voltage (Ue)V~

Rated Frequency (f)Hz

Utilization Category

Rated Impulse Voltage

Dielectric Strength

Protection Class

Mounting

Connections

Isolators are used to open a circuit under no load. Its main purpose is to isolate one portion of the circuit from the other and is not intended to be opened while current is flowing in the line. Isolators are generally used on both ends of the breaker so that repair or replacement of a circuit breaker can be done without any danger.

SWITCHGEARS

 

SWITCHGEAR

MCB

RCDS

RCCB

RCBO

Contactors

Contactor Relays

Wiring Accessories

Load Break Switch

MMS

MV Relays

Monitoring Devices

Plug Sockets

Push Buttons

Distribution Boards

Brake Motor

 

Standard Electric Motor

 

Types of WIRES AND CABLES

 

WIRES & CABLES

Industrial Braided

Building Wires

Instrumentation Cables

LV Control

Submersible Cables

Fire Survival

Data Communication

WIRES & CABLES

Single-Core Industrial

Multi-Core Industrial

MV Power Cable

Solar DC

Submersible Flat

Welding Cables

Auto Cables

Types of Motors

 

3 PHASE INDUCTION

Standard Electric Motor

Brake Motor

Cooling Tower Motors

Dual Speed Motor

Flameproof Motors

Pinion Shaft Gear Motors

Round Shaft Gear Motor

1 PHASE INDUCTION

Pinion Shaft Brake

Pinion Shaft C&B

Pinion Shaft Induction

Pinion Shaft Reversible

Pinion Shaft Speed Brake

Pinion Shaft Variable Speed

Round Shaft Induction

Electrical Substation

 

Elements of a substation

A: Primary power lines' side

B: Secondary power lines' side

1. Primary power lines

2. Ground wire

3. Overhead lines

4. Transformer for measurement of electric voltage

5. Disconnect switch

6. Circuit breaker

7. Current transformer

8. Lightning arrester

9. Main transformer

10. Control building

11. Security fence

12. Secondary power lines

A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels. A substation may include transformers to change voltage levels between high transmission voltages and lower distribution voltages, or at the interconnection of two different transmission voltages.

Substations may be owned and operated by an electrical utility or may be owned by a large industrial or commercial customer. Generally, substations are unattended, relying on SCADA for remote supervision and control.

The word substation comes from the days before the distribution system became a grid. As central generation stations became larger, smaller generating plants were converted to distribution stations, receiving their energy supply from a larger plant instead of using their own generators. The first substations were connected to only one power station, where the generators were housed and were subsidiaries of that power station.

TYPES OF SUBSTATIONS

Pumps Glossary

 

Pumps	Type	Applications
Accelerator (hot water)	Rotodynamic	Domestic heating Community heating and Air conditionning House garden use
API 610 Pump	Rotodynamic - Oil	Sulphur Liquified Gas Hot liquids Nuclear and Thermal power plant Ciment plant Corrosive liquids Refinery
API 674/675 Pump	Rotodynamic	Sulphur
API 674/675 Pump	Rotodynamic	Sulphur
Archimedean screw pump	Positive displacement pump	Waste water
Axial flow pump	Rotodynamic	Clear water Water supply Marine Sea water Drainage - Dewatering Dry dock
Axially split centrifugal pump	Rotodynamic	Dry dock Water supply Nuclear and Thermal power plant Oil Sea water Geothermal Desalination Underground storage Hydrotest Re-injection
Barrel emptying pump	Rotodynamic	Barrel emptying
Barrel pump	Rotodynamic	Chemical Ciment plant Nuclear and Thermal power plant Oil Refinery Re-injection Clear water
Channel impeller pump	Rotodynamic	Liquid - Manure Water treatment - lifting Marine Sugar mill Wine industry Waste water Public works Brewery Chemical Paper Mill Metallurgy Abrasive liquids Mud
Concrete casing pump	Rotodynamic	Water supply
Diaphragm pump	Positive displacement pump	Viscous liquids Marine Abrasive liquids Ciment plant Corrosive liquids Waste water Mud Chemical
Food liquid pump	Rotodynamic	Food and Agronomy
Fountain pump	Rotodynamic	Fountains Water jets
Gear pump	Rotodynamic	Machine shop Viscous liquids Lubrication Hydrotest Fuel injection
Glandless pump	Rotodynamic	Nuclear and Thermal power plant Chemical
Hand pump	Positive displacement pump	House garden use Clear water
Hydraulic ram	Rotodynamic	Agriculture Water supply
Hydro ejector	Rotodynamic	House garden use Agriculture Borehole - Deep well Water supply
In line pump	Rotodynamic	Sea water Corrosive liquids Liquified Gas Refinery Chemical Marine Clear water Brewery Sugar mill
Liquid ring pump	Rotodynamic	Fountains Water jets Marine House garden use
Lobe pump	Positive displacement pump	Food and Agronomy Brewery Chemical Paper Mill Plastic Industry Wine industry Viscous liquids Fragile liquids Paint - Dyeing - Emulsion
Macerator pump	Rotodynamic	Waste water Mud Water treatment lifting
Mixed flow pump	Rotodynamic	Irrigation Circulation - Cooling Agriculture Desalination Water supply Nuclear and Thermal power plant Borehole - Deep well Drainage - Dewatering Refinery Sea water Marine Clear water Dry dock Paper Mill
Multi stage centrifugal pump	Rotodynamic	House garden use Brewery Agriculture Re-injection Fire fighting Booster Paint - Dyeing - Emulsion Chemical Refinery Wine industry Clear water Paper Mill Sea water Sugar mill Plastic Industry Food and Agronomy Liquified Gas Public works Ciment plant Mine drainage Marine Geothermal Pressure cleaning Water supply Drainage boosting Community heating and Air conditionning Irrigation Desalination Domestic heating Storage Circulation - Cooling Gas washing Watering - Spraying Distillery
NF E 44-111 standard pump	Rotodynamic	House garden use Agriculture Mine drainage Drainage boosting Dry dock Fire fighting Borehole - Deep well Chemical Clear water Brewery Ciment plant Desalination Swimming pool Food and Agronomy Water treatment - lifting Sugar mill Metallurgy Wine industry Geothermal Steel industry (Scales-Siudges) Marine Storage Water supply Nuclear and Thermal power plant Circulation - Cooling Plastic Industry Community heating and Air conditionning Domestic heating Paper Mill Fuel injection
NF E 44-121/ISO 2858 pump	Rotodynamic	Hot liquids Corrosive liquids Paper Mill Liquified Gas Nuclear and Thermal power plant Ciment plant Refinery Steel industry (Scales-Siudges) Sugar mill Plastic Industry Clear water Geothermal Metallurgy Gas washing Chemical Oil
Peristaltic pump	Positive displacement pump	Viscous liquids Corrosive liquids Laboratory Food and Agronomy Fragile liquids Paint - Dyeing - Emulsion Wine industry
Piston pump	Positive displacement pump	Liquified Gas Food and Agronomy Agriculture Mine drainage Mud Clear water Re-injection Viscous liquids Brewery Pressure cleaning Oil Lubrication Liquid - Manure
Proportioning pump	Positive displacement pump	Oil Chemical Refinery Dosing
Screw pump	Positive displacement pump	Lubrication Marine Paper Mill Chemical Ciment plant Distillery Oil Machine shop Plastic Industry Fuel injection Refinery Viscous liquids Sulphur Nuclear and Thermal power plant Brewery Food and Agronomy Paint - Dyeing - Emulsion Sugar mill
Self priming pump	Rotodynamic	Agriculture Chemical Marine Public works Sump - Cellar drainage
Shower pump	Rotodynamic	House garden use Swimming pool
Side channel pump	Rotodynamic	Chemical Liquified Gas Marine Vehicule (loading & unloading)
Single stage centrifugal pump	Rotodynamic	Domestic heating Storage Refinery Marine Community heating and Air conditionning Public works Water supply Plastic Industry Paper Mill Sugar mill Water treatment - lifting Wine industry Chemical Ciment plant Circulation - Cooling Irrigation House garden use Fire fighting Vehicule (loading & unloading) Clear water Distillery Swimming pool Dry dock Sea water Geothermal Corrosive liquids Agriculture Desalination Food and Agronomy Brewery
Submersible borehole pump	Rotodynamic	Geothermal Marine Agriculture Underground storage Mine drainage Dry dock Borehole - Deep well Watering - Spraying Fire fighting Water supply Storage Irrigation Public works Booster House garden use Clear water Liquified Gas Sea water
Submersible pump	Rotodynamic	Agriculture Liquid - Manure Charged liquids Distillery Food and Agronomy Brewery Chemical Waste water Sea water Clear water Ciment plant
Swimming pool pump	Rotodynamic	Swimming pool
Torque flow pump	Rotodynamic	Food and Agronomy Waste water Brewery Paper Mill Water treatment - lifting Chemical Sugar mill Wine industry Marine Mud
Turbine pump	Rotodynamic	Desalination Refinery Oil Geothermal